/* Part of SWI-Prolog Author: Jan Wielemaker E-mail: J.Wielemaker@vu.nl WWW: http://www.swi-prolog.org Copyright (c) 2003-2024, University of Amsterdam VU University Amsterdam CWI, Amsterdam SWI-Prolog Solutions b.v. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. */ :- module(swi_option, [ option/2, % +Term, +List option/3, % +Term, +List, +Default select_option/3, % +Term, +Options, -RestOpts select_option/4, % +Term, +Options, -RestOpts, +Default merge_options/3, % +New, +Old, -Merged meta_options/3, % :IsMeta, :OptionsIn, -OptionsOut dict_options/2 % ?Dict, ?Options ]). :- autoload(library(lists), [selectchk/3]). :- autoload(library(error), [must_be/2, domain_error/2]). :- autoload(library(pairs), [map_list_to_pairs/3, pairs_values/2]). :- set_prolog_flag(generate_debug_info, false). :- meta_predicate meta_options(1, :, -). /** Option list processing The library(option) provides some utilities for processing option lists. Option lists are commonly used as an alternative for many arguments. Examples of built-in predicates are open/4 and write_term/3. Naming the arguments results in more readable code, and the list nature makes it easy to extend the list of options accepted by a predicate. Option lists come in two styles, both of which are handled by this library. - Name(Value)
This is the preferred style. - Name = Value
This is often used, but deprecated. SWI-Prolog _dicts_ provide a convenient and efficient alternative to option lists. For this reason, both built-in predicates and predicates that use this library support dicts transparantly. Processing option lists inside time-critical code (loops) can cause serious overhead. The above mentioned _dicts_ is the preferred mitigation. A more portable alternative is to define a record using library(record) and initialise this using make_/2. In addition to providing good performance, this also provides type-checking and central declaration of defaults. Options typically have exactly one argument. The library does support options with 0 or more than one argument with the following restrictions: - The predicate option/3 and select_option/4, involving default are meaningless. They perform an arg(1, Option, Default), causing failure without arguments and filling only the first option-argument otherwise. - meta_options/3 can only qualify options with exactly one argument. @see library(record) @see Option processing capabilities may be declared using the directive predicate_options/3. */ %! option(?Option, +Options) is semidet. % % Get an Option from Options. Fails silently if the option does not % appear in Options. If Option appears multiple times in Options, the % first value is used. % % @arg Option Term of the form Name(?Value). % @arg Options is a list of Name(Value) or `Name=Value` or a dict. option(Opt, Options), is_dict(Options) => functor(Opt, Name, 1), get_dict(Name, Options, Val), arg(1, Opt, Val). option(Opt, Options), is_list(Options) => functor(Opt, Name, Arity), functor(GenOpt, Name, Arity), get_option(GenOpt, Options), !, Opt = GenOpt. get_option(Opt, Options) :- memberchk(Opt, Options), !. get_option(Opt, Options) :- functor(Opt, OptName, 1), arg(1, Opt, OptVal), memberchk(OptName=OptVal, Options), !. %! option(?Option, +Options, +Default) is det. % % Get an Option from Options. If Option does not appear in Options, % unify the value with Default. If Option appears multiple times in % Options, the first value is used. For example % % ?- option(max_depth(D), [x(a), max_depth(20)], 10). % D = 20. % ?- option(max_depth(D), [x(a)], 10). % D = 10. % % @arg Option Term of the form Name(?Value). % @arg Options is a list of Name(Value) or `Name=Value` or a dict. option(Opt, Options, Default), is_dict(Options) => functor(Opt, Name, 1), ( get_dict(Name, Options, Val) -> true ; Val = Default ), arg(1, Opt, Val). option(Opt, Options, Default), is_list(Options) => functor(Opt, Name, Arity), functor(GenOpt, Name, Arity), ( get_option(GenOpt, Options) -> Opt = GenOpt ; arg(1, Opt, Default) ). %! select_option(?Option, +Options, -RestOptions) is semidet. % % Get and remove Option from Options. As option/2, removing the % matching option from Options and unifying the remaining options with % RestOptions. If Option appears multiple times in Options, the first % value is used. Note that if Options contains multiple terms that are % compatible to Option, the first is used to set the value of Option % and the duplicate appear in RestOptions. select_option(Opt, Options0, Options), is_dict(Options0) => functor(Opt, Name, 1), get_dict(Name, Options0, Val), arg(1, Opt, Val), del_dict(Name, Options0, Val, Options). select_option(Opt, Options0, Options), is_list(Options0) => functor(Opt, Name, Arity), functor(GenOpt, Name, Arity), get_option(GenOpt, Options0, Options), Opt = GenOpt. get_option(Opt, Options0, Options) :- selectchk(Opt, Options0, Options), !. get_option(Opt, Options0, Options) :- functor(Opt, OptName, 1), arg(1, Opt, OptVal), selectchk(OptName=OptVal, Options0, Options). %! select_option(?Option, +Options, -RestOptions, +Default) is det. % % Get and remove Option with default value. As select_option/3, % but if Option is not in Options, its value is unified with % Default and RestOptions with Options. select_option(Option, Options, RestOptions, Default), is_dict(Options) => functor(Option, Name, 1), ( del_dict(Name, Options, Val, RestOptions) -> true ; Val = Default, RestOptions = Options ), arg(1, Option, Val). select_option(Option, Options, RestOptions, Default), is_list(Options) => functor(Option, Name, Arity), functor(GenOpt, Name, Arity), ( get_option(GenOpt, Options, RestOptions) -> Option = GenOpt ; RestOptions = Options, arg(1, Option, Default) ). %! merge_options(+New, +Old, -Merged) is det. % % Merge two option sets. If Old is a dict, Merged is a dict. Otherwise % Merged is a sorted list of options using the canonical format % Name(Value) holding all options from New and Old, after removing % conflicting options from Old. % % Multi-values options (e.g., proxy(Host, Port)) are allowed, where % both option-name and arity define the identity of the option. merge_options(NewDict, OldDict, Dict), is_dict(NewDict), is_dict(OldDict) => put_dict(NewDict, OldDict, Dict). merge_options(New, OldDict, Dict), is_dict(OldDict) => dict_options(NewDict, New), put_dict(NewDict, OldDict, Dict). merge_options(NewDict, OldList, List), is_dict(NewDict) => dict_options(NewDict, NewList), merge_option_lists(NewList, OldList, List). merge_options(NewList, OldList, List), is_list(NewList), is_list(OldList) => merge_option_lists(NewList, OldList, List). merge_option_lists([], Old, Merged) :- !, canonicalise_options(Old, Merged). merge_option_lists(New, [], Merged) :- !, canonicalise_options(New, Merged). merge_option_lists(New, Old, Merged) :- canonicalise_options(New, NCanonical), canonicalise_options(Old, OCanonical), sort(NCanonical, NSorted), sort(OCanonical, OSorted), ord_merge(NSorted, OSorted, Merged). ord_merge([], L, L) :- !. ord_merge(L, [], L) :- !. ord_merge([NO|TN], [OO|TO], Merged) :- sort_key(NO, NKey), sort_key(OO, OKey), compare(Diff, NKey, OKey), ord_merge(Diff, NO, NKey, OO, OKey, TN, TO, Merged). ord_merge(=, NO, _, _, _, TN, TO, [NO|T]) :- ord_merge(TN, TO, T). ord_merge(<, NO, _, OO, OKey, TN, TO, [NO|T]) :- ( TN = [H|TN2] -> sort_key(H, NKey), compare(Diff, NKey, OKey), ord_merge(Diff, H, NKey, OO, OKey, TN2, TO, T) ; T = [OO|TO] ). ord_merge(>, NO, NKey, OO, _, TN, TO, [OO|T]) :- ( TO = [H|TO2] -> sort_key(H, OKey), compare(Diff, NKey, OKey), ord_merge(Diff, NO, NKey, H, OKey, TN, TO2, T) ; T = [NO|TN] ). sort_key(Option, Name-Arity) :- functor(Option, Name, Arity). %! canonicalise_options(+OptionsIn, -OptionsOut) is det. % % Rewrite option list from possible Name=Value to Name(Value) canonicalise_options(Dict, Out) :- is_dict(Dict), !, dict_pairs(Dict, _, Pairs), canonicalise_options2(Pairs, Out). canonicalise_options(In, Out) :- memberchk(_=_, In), % speedup a bit if already ok. !, canonicalise_options2(In, Out). canonicalise_options(Options, Options). canonicalise_options2([], []). canonicalise_options2([H0|T0], [H|T]) :- canonicalise_option(H0, H), canonicalise_options2(T0, T). canonicalise_option(Name=Value, H) :- !, H =.. [Name,Value]. canonicalise_option(Name-Value, H) :- !, H =.. [Name,Value]. canonicalise_option(H, H). %! meta_options(+IsMeta, :Options0, -Options) is det. % % Perform meta-expansion on options that are module-sensitive. % Whether an option name is module-sensitive is determined by % calling call(IsMeta, Name). Here is an example: % % ``` % meta_options(is_meta, OptionsIn, Options), % ... % % is_meta(callback). % ``` % % Meta-options must have exactly one argument. This argument will % be qualified. % % @tbd Should be integrated with declarations from % predicate_options/3. meta_options(IsMeta, Context:Options0, Options), is_dict(Options0) => dict_pairs(Options0, Class, Pairs0), meta_options(Pairs0, IsMeta, Context, Pairs), dict_pairs(Options, Class, Pairs). meta_options(IsMeta, Context:Options0, Options), is_list(Options0) => must_be(list, Options0), meta_options(Options0, IsMeta, Context, Options). meta_options([], _, _, []). meta_options([H0|T0], IM, Context, [H|T]) :- meta_option(H0, IM, Context, H), meta_options(T0, IM, Context, T). meta_option(Name=V0, IM, Context, Name=(M:V)) :- call(IM, Name), !, strip_module(Context:V0, M, V). meta_option(Name-V0, IM, Context, Name-(M:V)) :- call(IM, Name), !, strip_module(Context:V0, M, V). meta_option(O0, IM, Context, O) :- compound(O0), O0 =.. [Name,V0], call(IM, Name), !, strip_module(Context:V0, M, V), O =.. [Name,M:V]. meta_option(O, _, _, O). %! dict_options(?Dict, ?Options) is det. % % Convert between an option list and a dictionary. One of the % arguments must be instantiated. If the option list is created, % it is created in canonical form, i.e., using Option(Value) with % the Options sorted in the standard order of terms. Note that the % conversion is not always possible due to different constraints % and conversion may thus lead to (type) errors. % % - Dict keys can be integers. This is not allowed in canonical % option lists. % - Options can hold multiple options with the same key. This is % not allowed in dicts. This predicate removes all but the % first option on the same key. % - Options can have more than one value (name(V1,V2)). This is % not allowed in dicts. % % Also note that most system predicates and predicates using this % library for processing the option argument can both work with % classical Prolog options and dicts objects. dict_options(Dict, Options) :- nonvar(Dict), !, dict_pairs(Dict, _, Pairs), canonicalise_options2(Pairs, Options). dict_options(Dict, Options) :- canonicalise_options(Options, Options1), map_list_to_pairs(key_name, Options1, Keyed), sort(1, @<, Keyed, UniqueKeyed), pairs_values(UniqueKeyed, Unique), dict_create(Dict, _, Unique). key_name(Opt, Key) :- functor(Opt, Key, 1), !. key_name(Opt, _) :- domain_error(option, Opt).